Multi-hazard based risk assessment procedures: Case study of Pakistan

Pakistan lies in one of the severe earthquake prone regions; with the 2005 Kashmir earthquake being the deadliest earthquake in the history of Pakistan. But, the 2010 flood opened up a new chapter, to investigate the effects of floods on buildings, in conjunction with earthquakes. A multi-hazard risk assessment approach for Pakistan emerged as a motivation for this thesis.

Building types of Pakistan are developed based on the 1998 census. The percentage distribution of building types is converted into quantitative terms (few, many and most), to develop a building type regions map. Weighted scoring procedure (using hazard, vulnerability and exposure parameters) is used to develop risk maps for both earthquake and flood hazards. The proposed approach is extended to include India.